Russian photographer Baron George Hoyningen-Huene was BOTD in 1900. Born in St Petersburg in the Russian Empire to a prominent military family of Baltic German origin, they fled to England in 1917 after the Russian Revolution. While in England, he served in the British Army during World War One. After the war, he moved to Paris where he became a photographer, collaborating with Man Ray on a series of fashion photos and befriending Henri Cartier-Bresson, Lee Miller and Cecil Beaton. He worked for French Vogue, eventually becoming head of photography in 1925, profiling the designs of Chanel, Balenciaga and Cartier. He moved in an elite artistic circle including Salvador Dalí, Coco Chanel, Pablo Picasso, Josephine Baker, Janet Flanner, Igor Stravinsky, Jean Cocteau, Barbette and the Duke and Duchess of Windsor. He mentored the young Horst P. Horst, who became his lover and assistant for many years. In 1936, he had an affair with the photographer Herbert List, travelling together to Italy and Greece, where they began making homoerotic nude portraits of young men. At the outbreak of World War Two, he moved to New York City, where he worked for Harper’s Bazaar magazine, and published a series of photography books based on his travels in Egypt, Greece, Mexico and Africa. In 1946, the filmmaker George Cukor persuaded him to move to Los Angeles, where he photographed many of the leading stars of Hollywood’s Golden Age, including Charlie Chaplin, Greta Garbo, Marlene Dietrich, Johnny Weissmuller, Mae West, Joan Crawford, Gary Cooper, Cary Grant, Katharine Hepburn, Claudette Colbert, Rita Hayworth, Ava Gardner, Judy Garland and Ingrid Bergman. Cukor hired him as a visual and colour consultant for the 1954 remake of A Star is Born, leading to further film work in The Adventures of Hajii Baba, Les Girls, Heller in Pink Tights, A Breath of Scandal and The Chapman Report. He also taught photography at the University of California from the late 1940s until his death in 1968, aged 68.