American bookseller and publisher Sylvia Beach was BOTD in 1887. Born in Baltimore, Maryland, her family moved to France in 1901 when her father was appointed minister of the American Church in Paris. After her family returned to the United States, she returned frequently to Europe, working for the Red Cross in Spain for two years. At the end of World War One, she settled in Paris to study French literature, and met bookseller Adrienne Monnier, who became her life partner. Inspired by the literary life of Paris, she and Monnier opened an English language bookstore on the Left Bank, named Shakespeare & Company. She befriended and promoted many of the key figures of Modernist literature, including Ernest Hemingway, Gertrude Stein, James Joyce, Ezra Pound, T. S. Eliot, André Gide and Violette Leduc. In 1922, she became internationally famous (and bankrupt) publishing Joyce’s novel Ulysses, now a classic of Modernist literature. Forced to close the store in 1941 while the Nazis occupied Paris, Beach was interned for six months, and worked for the French Resistance on her release. Ernest Hemingway “liberated” the bookshop in 1944, but it never re-opened for business. In 1956, Beach published a memoir, detailing the cultural life of interwar-Paris and her relationships with her celebrity friends. After Monnier’s suicide in 1955, Beach had a relationship with Camille Steinbrugge. She remained in Paris until her death in 1962, aged 75. In 1951, American George Whitman opened an English-language bookshop at a different site in 1964, renamed “Shakespeare & Company” in tribute to Beach.