Hungarian sexologist and social reformer Károly Mária Kertbeny was BOTD in 1824. Born Karl-Maria Benkert in Vienna to Hungarian parents, his family moved to Budapest when he was a child. After serving in the Austro-Hungarian army, he became a journalist, travel writer and translator, settling in Berlin and befriending literary celebrities Heinrich Heine, George Sand, Hans Christian Andersen and the Brothers Grimm. In 1847, he legally changed his surname from Benkert to Kertbeny, a Hungarian name with aristocratic associations. After the suicide of a gay friend who was being blackmailed, he began writing in defence of homosexuality, following what he called his “instinctive drive to take issue with every injustice.” In 1868, he anonymously published two essays, arguing that homosexuality was innate and unchangeable and that consenting sexual acts in private should be decriminalised. He also proposed a new taxonomic system for human sexuality, in replacement for the pejorative terms “sodomite” and “pederast”. He is thought to be the first person to coin the terms “heterosexual” and “homosexual”, later used without credit by German sexologist Richard von Krafft-Ebing in Psychopathia Sexualis. In 1880, Kertbeny contributed a chapter on homosexuality to Gustav Jäger’s book Discovery of the Soul. Considered too controversial, his chapter was omitted, though Jäger used Kertbeny’s terminology elsewhere in the book. Unsurprisingly, Kertbeny had a personal as well as professional interest in homosexuality. His diaries reveal a series of affairs with working class-men and boys, and a recurring fear of prosecution following the arrest of his friend Karl Heinrich Ulrichs. Kertbeny died in 1882, aged 58. Largely forgotten by historians, his gravesite in Budapest was traced in 2001 by academic Judit Takács and given a new tombstone by the local gay community. Since 2002, the Budapest Gay Pride festival includes a wreath-laying ceremony on Kertbeny’s grave.