Hong Kong-Chinese sexologist Li Shiu Tong was BOTD in 1907. Born in British Hong Kong to a wealthy Chinese banking family, he studied medicine at St John’s University in Shanghai. In 1931, he attended a public lecture given by the German sexologist Magnus Hirschfeld, midway through a world speaking tour. Hirschfeld later wrote that Li approached him after the lecture, offering to act as his translator, “companion” and “protector” during his tour of China. The two became lovers, and Li eventually dropped out of university to become Hirschfeld’s secretary for the remainder of the tour, in the expectation that Li could finish his medical studies at a European university and work at Hirschfeld’s Institute for Sex Research. Li was refused permission to enter the US-occupied Phillippines, due to America’s anti-Chinese immigration policies. They returned to Europe via Athens in 1932, where Li met Hirschfeld’s partner Karl Giese. The rise of Nazism in Germany made it dangerous for Hirschfeld to return to Berlin. Li moved to Vienna to complete his medical studies, while Hirschfeld settled in Zurich. Li submitted an academic paper about intersex people to the 1932 Congress of the World League for Sexual Reform, with Hirschfeld named as co-author, though the extent of his contribution remains unclear. Li eventually settled in Nice, France, with Hirschfeld and Giese, living in an apparently amicable ménage à trois. After Hirschfeld’s death in 1935, Li and Giese were named his primary beneficiaries, with Li left an inheritance to continue Hirschfeld’s work. At 28 and without a medical degree, Li found it difficult to raise support for his research, eventually abandoning the role. He travelled through Europe and America for several years, enrolling to study medicine at Harvard College and other universities, but never completed a degree. He moved back to Hong Kong in 1960, emigrating to Vancouver in Canada in 1974. In the 1980s, he started work on his theory of sexology, arguing (in opposition to Hirschfeld) that sexuality was socially constructed. He died in 1993, aged 86. Most of his manuscripts were destroyed by his family after his death, though some of his mementos of his life with Hirschfeld survived, and were eventually donated to the Schwules Museum in Berlin. Li’s reputation has grown in recent years, as biographers and historians attempt to parse his contribution to Hirschfeld’s work.
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Li Shiu Tong

